定期寿险Term life insurance
在约定的年期内（常见如 10、20、30 年）提供身故保障。如果在保险期内身故，受益人会收到一笔一次性的身故赔偿金，一般无需缴税，可以用来还房贷、支付生活费或孩子的教育。保费在每个保险期内通常保持不变；部分计划可以续保，或在规定年龄前转换为终身寿险。适合保障需求有明确期限的家庭，比如房贷期、孩子未独立的阶段。Covers you for a set number of years (for example 10, 20 or 30). If you die while the policy is in force, your beneficiaries receive a lump-sum death benefit, which is generally not taxable and can go toward the mortgage, living costs or your children's education. Premiums usually stay level for each term; many plans can be renewed, or converted to permanent coverage before a set age. Often a fit when the need has an end date, such as the mortgage years or while children are still dependent.
终身寿险（含分红终身寿险）Permanent life insurance (including participating whole life)
只要按合同缴费，保障终身有效。部分终身寿险会累积现金价值；分红型保单还可能获得分红，但分红不保证，会随保险公司分红账户的表现调整。缴费方式通常可选 10 年、20 年或终身缴。常用于身后费用、留给下一代的资金，或长期的企业需求。费用高于定期寿险，适合有长期需要、并能长期缴费的家庭。Coverage lasts for life as long as premiums are paid as the contract requires. Some permanent policies build cash value; participating policies may also earn dividends, but dividends are not guaranteed and change with the performance of the insurer's participating account. Premiums can often be paid over 10 or 20 years, or for life. Commonly used for final expenses, leaving funds to the next generation, or long-term business needs. It costs more than term insurance and suits families with a lasting need and the ability to commit to premiums over time.
重大疾病保险Critical illness insurance
如果确诊保单列明的重大疾病（例如癌症、心脏病发作、中风），并符合合同条件（如存活期），可获得一笔一次性给付，个人持有的保单通常免税。这笔钱怎么用由你决定：治疗和药费、康复期间的家庭开支、家人陪护请假造成的收入减少等。省医保和公司福利不一定覆盖这些费用。可选年期型、到 75 岁或终身等不同期限。If you're diagnosed with a covered condition — such as cancer, heart attack or stroke — and meet the policy conditions (such as a survival period), you receive a one-time lump sum, usually not taxable for personally owned policies. You decide how to use it: treatment and medication, household bills during recovery, or income lost when a family member takes time off to help. These costs are not always covered by provincial health care or workplace benefits. Coverage can run for a term, to age 75, or for life.
失能保险（收入保障）Disability insurance (income protection)
因疾病或意外无法工作时，按月给付一部分收入，帮助你继续支付房贷、账单和日常开支。个人自付保费的保单，给付一般无需缴税。适合没有公司团体失能保障的人、自雇人士和企业主，也可以补充团体保险覆盖不到的部分。企业主还可以考虑营运开支保障。给付前通常有等待期，给付期可选 2 年、5 年或到 65 岁等。If illness or injury keeps you from working, a monthly benefit replaces part of your income so you can keep up with the mortgage, bills and everyday costs. Benefits from a policy you pay for personally are generally not taxable. Worth considering if you have no group disability coverage, are self-employed or own a business, or want to top up a group plan. Business owners can also look at overhead expense coverage. Benefits usually start after a waiting period and can run for 2 years, 5 years or to age 65, depending on the plan.
重疾保险和失能保险有什么不同Critical illness vs. disability insurance
| 重大疾病保险Critical illness | 失能保险Disability |
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| 怎么给付How it pays | 一次性给付One lump sum | 按月给付Monthly benefit |
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| 什么时候When | 确诊合同列明的疾病Diagnosis of a covered condition | 因病或意外无法工作Unable to work due to illness or injury |
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| 常见用途Typical use | 一次性大额开支Large one-time costs | 每月的固定开支Ongoing monthly expenses |
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儿童保险Coverage for children
在孩子年幼、健康时为孩子安排终身寿险或重疾保障，费率按儿童年龄计算，可选 10 年或 20 年缴清。分红终身寿险会累积现金价值，日后可用于孩子的教育、置业等需要；分红不保证，且属于长期缴费的安排。是否适合，要先看家庭的整体预算和其他优先事项，例如父母自己的保障是否已经足够。Life or critical illness coverage arranged while a child is young and healthy, priced at children's rates, with options to pay up over 10 or 20 years. A participating whole life policy builds cash value that may later help with education or a first home; dividends are not guaranteed and it is a long-term commitment. Whether it fits depends on your overall budget and other priorities — starting with whether the parents' own coverage is adequate.
传承规划Estate and legacy planning
通过终身寿险和受益人安排，让家人在需要时有现金可用，例如支付身后的税务和费用，或给下一代留一笔钱。需与遗嘱、律师和会计师的整体安排配合。Permanent life insurance and beneficiary designations can make cash available to your family when it is needed — for taxes and costs at death, or to leave funds to the next generation. Best coordinated with your will, lawyer and accountant.
